What is Apex and when would you use it?

• Apex is Salesforce's strongly typed, object-oriented programming language on the platform • Use it for complex business logic, bulk data processing, and integrations Flow cannot handle cleanly • Runs in a multitenant environment with governor limits on CPU, heap, queries, and DML • Triggers respond to database events; classes hold reusable logic invoked from many places • Prefer declarative tools first; use Apex when you need performance, control, or testability at scale